Exploratory: generated automatically from the UmaTerra platforms' data; not independently validated or peer reviewed.
Two Indigenous lands in Maranhão, ratified in 1983, had extensions studied in the early 2000s. The extensions were declared but never ratified. This story measures, with forty years of satellite records, what happened to the new land while it waited: inside the old land, on the extended strip, and around them.
Loading the platforms' numbers…
measured by satellite or from the geometry itself. registered as the official catalogue publishes it. estimated projected by climate models. missing a part that did not respond this time.
Bacurizinho, of the Guajajara people, lies in Grajaú; Porquinhos, of the Canela Apãnjekra, in Fernando Falcão and Barra do Corda. In FUNAI's catalogue of Indigenous lands each appears twice: the 1983 land, and the extension that contains it.
An Indigenous land in Brazil goes through phases: study, delimitation, declaration by the Ministry of Justice, ratification by presidential decree, and registration. The boundary is usually marked on the ground only after ratification.
Yvynation always compares an area with the 10 km around it. Here we add one zone: the strip the extension added, on its own, so the old land does not hide what happened on the new.
MapBiomas classifies every 30 m pixel of Brazil every year since 1985. Each pair of bars is one zone in 1985 and in 2025.
MapBiomas also marks, year by year, where native vegetation was cleared for the first time. To compare zones of different sizes, each line is the clearing per 1,000 ha of the zone itself. The marks are the start of the study and the declaration.
2008 matters twice here: it is the year the extension was declared, and the Forest Code's cut-off, 22 July 2008, which separates consolidated rural land from later clearing. Google's 2008 SPOT mosaic, at 5 to 10 m, is the only detailed imagery from that time, and each pixel carries its own date. Camposcope uses it to read CAR properties.
In the window, centred on the clearing MapBiomas maps on the extended strip during the study, look for straight-edged openings and tracks.
Now the same window as MapBiomas classified it, in 30 m pixels. Scroll up and down to compare: the image shows what was there; the classification says which class each patch entered this story's numbers as.
Hansen/GLAD measures something else: tree canopy lost since 2001, from any cause. When the two measures point the same way, the gap is not an artefact of a single map.
The same reading on the other land. Porquinhos' extension is almost three times the 1983 land and was declared two years after Bacurizinho's.
MapBiomas Fire maps burn scars every year. In the cerrado, burning is part of the landscape's cycle, and fire management is part of village life.
Naturametrics reads the federal environment agency's (IBAMA) embargoes and infraction notices around any point. We chose a point in the middle of Bacurizinho's extended strip.
climate-shift brings together the land use of a 5 km circle, nine CMIP6 climate models and forty years of measured climate, at the same point.
A projection does not say what one summer will be like: it compares two 30-year climates, 1985–2014 and 2041–2070, and each model is measured against its own past. climate-shift speaks of a hazard only when at least two-thirds of the models agree on the sign. Three readings help picture that future: which world it is (the IPCC's global warming) and where that climate already exists today; how many days of extreme fire weather the place will have; and the climate class inside the circle, from an independent 1 km map.
The decades-long trend is not everything: from one year to the next, El Niño and La Niña move rain and heat far more than it does. climate-shift reads the state now from NOAA's relative index (RONI, which does not mistake a warmer ocean for El Niño), groups the October–March seasons already measured here by phase, and then shifts those same seasons by the change projected for 2041–2070. It is an exploratory reading: few seasons per phase, and the models do not agree on how ENSO itself will change.
Every number on this page came out of the platforms' own services, with its source and scale.
Written with Claude Opus 5.5, by Anthropic, from the numbers the platforms computed: no number comes from the model. Versão em português.