Exploratory: generated automatically from the UmaTerra platforms' data; not independently validated or peer reviewed.

UmaTerra · story Português
Fire · savanna · climate · Brazil

Cerrado, 2024: the fire year, from the whole biome to the Ilha do Bananal

The Cerrado evolved with fire, but not with just any fire. In 2024, after a strong El Niño and a dry year, it burned more than in almost a decade. This story measures the season with MapBiomas Fire, from the whole biome down to the month and the vegetation class, goes down to the Ilha do Bananal, where fire returns year after year, and reads the climate ahead in climate-shift.

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—burned in the Cerrado in 2024 measured
—in September 2024 alone measured
—of the 10 km circle on the Ilha do Bananal burned in 2024 measured
—per decade in the water deficit measured there measured

measured by satellite, by a gauge or from the geometry itself. estimated projected by climate models, or a reading that depends on a threshold. missing a part that did not respond this time.

1

A savanna that evolved with fire

This story runs on MapBiomas, on climate-shift and on satellite layers prepared for this page in Earth Engine.

2

Forty years of fire

The darkest bar is 2024.

3

The fire season

MapBiomas Fire's monthly product dates each scar by the month it appeared.

4

What burned

Every burned pixel, crossed with MapBiomas' 2024 land cover.

5

Where fire returns

MapBiomas' fire frequency counts, for each pixel, the years it burned.

6

The largest river island in the world

From the whole biome to one place.

7

Two years running

In light orange the fire of 2023; in red, that of 2024.

8

The woodland that opened

climate-shift follows every pixel of the 10 km circle in MapBiomas, from 1985 to today.

9

More fire weather

What has already been measured here, and what nine climate models project for 2041–2070.

10

After El Niño

climate-shift's ENSO tabs: the phase of the Pacific, and what each phase has done to the rain here.

11

The app's own words

climate-shift writes a short reading of every circle from its numbers.

12

Where every number came from

Every number on this page comes from a public service or dataset, listed here.

umaterra.com.br · Cerrado 2024
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What this story does not say

Another story: the Pantanal drying out →

Written with Claude Opus 5.5, by Anthropic, from the numbers Earth Engine and climate-shift computed: no number comes from the model. Versão em português.

Notes

  1. Burned pixels come masked in MapBiomas Fire; here they are counted after unmasking to zero. The biome covers ~2 million km², and areas were summed at 300 m (finer, the sums do not finish in time); the circle at 30 m. MapBiomas Fire, Collection 5; Alencar et al. (2022), Remote Sensing 14, 2510.
  2. Collection 11 groups: savanna (4), grassland (12), forest (3, 5, 6, 49), flooded field and wetland (11), pasture (15), farming and mosaics (9, 18–21, 39–41, 46–48, 62). MapBiomas, Collection 11; Souza et al. (2020), Remote Sensing 12, 2735.
  3. The circle was chosen among seven Cerrado places with a history of large fires (Ilha do Bananal, Jalapão, Serra Geral do Tocantins, Mirador, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Emas and Brasília National Park) by the share of 10 km burned in 2024; Bananal had 69%, Jalapão 43%. MapBiomas Fire, Collection 5.
  4. The water deficit is TerraClimate's (~4 km); the projection is the median of nine NEX-GDDP-CMIP6 models, and fire weather is NASA's NEX-GDDP-FWI. Abatzoglou et al. (2018); Thrasher et al. (2022); NEX-GDDP-FWI.